Score: Winquist classification
Use: Femural shaft fractures
Type I
Minimal or no comminution. If comminution is present, there is involvement of 25% or less of the bony circumference.
Type II
Comminuted fragments involve up to 50% of the width of the bone
Type III
Comminuted fragment involves more than 50% of the width of the bone that leaves only a small area of contact between the proximal and distal fragments
Type IV
Comminution involves the entire bony circumference and there is no cortical contactReference
Classification and Diagnosis in Orthopaedic Trauma. Editors: Rahij Anwar, Kenneth W. R. Tuson, Shah Alam Khan. Cambridge University Press, 2008