Score: Winquist classification

Use: Femural shaft fractures

Type I

Minimal or no comminution. If comminution is present, there is involvement of 25% or less of the bony circumference.

Type II

Comminuted fragments involve up to 50% of the width of the bone

Type III

Comminuted fragment involves more than 50% of the width of the bone that leaves only a small area of contact between the proximal and distal fragments

Type IV

Comminution involves the entire bony circumference and there is no cortical contact

Reference

Classification and Diagnosis in Orthopaedic Trauma. Editors: Rahij Anwar, Kenneth W. R. Tuson, Shah Alam Khan. Cambridge University Press, 2008